A patient, receiving an insulin injection for the first time, asks the nurse how it works to reduce the blood glucose. Which of the following would be the best response for the nurse to make to the patient?
1. Insulin is needed for the muscles to work between meals.
2. Insulin makes sure that fat is used as the body's main energy source.
3. Insulin helps break down protein.
4. Insulin goes into the blood stream and takes glucose into the cells to be used for energy.
4
Rationale: After ingesting carbohydrates, the serum glucose level increases and that triggers a rapid increase in insulin secretion. Under the influence of insulin, glucose is moved into cells for immediate use or stored for later use. This is what the nurse should respond to the patient. Muscles use fatty acids for energy under most daily circumstances and not glucose so insulin is not needed for the muscles to work between meals. Insulin spares fat as the main energy source and makes sure that fat is not used as the main energy source. Insulin decreases the breakdown of protein and does not help the breakdown of protein.
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