The nurse is caring for a client with confirmed anthrax exposure. Which statements about the mechanism of injury occurring with anthrax exposure does the nurse know to be true? Select all that apply.
A) Active bacteria produce three proteins that ultimately produce the associated symptoms.
B) After exposure to spores, the body's macrophages consume the foreign material.
C) When the spores are activated, the macrophages are destroyed and the bacteria spreads.
D) The symptom-producing compounds include the edema factor, the lethal factor, and the reactive factor.
E) The cutaneous form of the agent cannot be transmitted to another person.
A) Active bacteria produce three proteins that ultimately produce the associated symptoms.
B) After exposure to spores, the body's macrophages consume the foreign material.
C) When the spores are activated, the macrophages are destroyed and the bacteria spreads.
Explanation: A) When the body is exposed to anthrax spores, the spores are attacked by the body's macrophages. The spores are consumed and carried throughout the body until the spores become active, at which point the affected macrophages are destroyed and the active bacteria spreads. Active bacteria produce three proteins: the edema factor, the lethal factor, and the proactive (not reactive) factor.
B) When the body is exposed to anthrax spores, the spores are attacked by the body's macrophages. The spores are consumed and carried throughout the body until the spores become active, at which point the affected macrophages are destroyed and the active bacteria spreads. Active bacteria produce three proteins: the edema factor, the lethal factor, and the proactive (not reactive) factor.
C) When the body is exposed to anthrax spores, the spores are attacked by the body's macrophages. The spores are consumed and carried throughout the body until the spores become active, at which point the affected macrophages are destroyed and the active bacteria spreads. Active bacteria produce three proteins: the edema factor, the lethal factor, and the proactive (not reactive) factor.
D) Active bacteria produce three proteins: the edema factor, the lethal factor, and the proactive (not reactive) factor.
E) Anthrax cannot be transmitted from person to person with the exception of cutaneous anthrax.
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