Describe current hypotheses regarding the causes of Parkinson's disease.
What will be an ideal response?
The factors responsible for the degeneration of the substantia nigra remain unknown. It is likely that genetic vulnerabilities play a role, but only about 15 to 25 percent of people with Parkinson's disease report having a relative with the condition. Other cases appear to result from exposure to environmental toxins. One of the strangest findings in the quest to understand Parkinson's disease is the fact that drinking caffeinated coffee reduces the odds of developing the disease. Not only does caffeine have a potential protective effect against the development of Parkinson's disease, but investigators have explored the possibility of its use as a treatment Caffeine and other substances that block adenosine receptors appear to improve movement and wakefulness in both human patients and animal models of the disease.
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Jeff assumes that everyone has the same chances in life, and that what they make of them is solely due to their personal choices. This viewpoint reflects the
a. context minimization error b. context maximization error c. fundamental cognitive error d. personalization error
Sally, who is a middle-school-age girl, wants her friend Beth to go to the movies with her. Which of the following statements is Sally likely to use to get her friend to go?
a) "You are going to the movies with me." b) "You have to go to the movies with me." c) "I want to go to the movies, with you or without you." d) "Let's go to the movies."
According to research by D. Spiegel and colleagues, what effect does participation in group psychotherapy have on women with breast cancer?
a) lengthens life b) reduces T cell counts c) increases depression d) stigmatizes the patients
In Thorndike's law of effect, events critical for conditioning occur before the response
Indicate whether this statement is true or false