A sample of helium gas with an initial temperature of Ti in an insulated cylinder with initial volume Vi is suddenly and violently compressed to one-half its volume. The absolute temperature of the gas after the compression is observed to have doubled. (Note: In a quasistatic adiabatic compression of a monatomic gas, TV2/3= constant.) A suitable replacement process for this process would be
A. a slow isothermal compression from Vi to 
Vi.
B. a slow adiabatic compression from Vi to Vi.
C. Heating the gas to double its temperature followed by a slow adiabatic compression from Vi to Vi.
D. a slow adiabatic compression from Vi to Vi followed by heating to bring the temperature to 2Ti.
E. a slow adiabatic compression from Vi to Vi followed by cooling to bring the temperature to 2Ti.
F. None of the above.
D. a slow adiabatic compression from Vi to Vi followed by heating to bring the temperature to 2Ti.
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Earth's magnetic field is generated by the dynamo effect in the
a. molten metallic core. b. solid central core. c. plastic mantle. d. crust. e. aurora.
The old surfaces of icy satellites of Jovian planets
a. appear dark in color with few impact craters. b. appear dark in color with many impact craters. c. appear very bright because ice is very reflective. d. generally show long bright grooves and a modest number of impact craters. e. generally have small volcanoes that are active.
Most nearby stars move relative to the Sun at speeds below about 30 km/s. Suppose you observe a nearby star that is moving much faster than this (say, 300 km/s). Which of the following is a likely explanation for its high speed?
A) It is probably a halo star that is currently passing through the disk. B) It is a very young star, recently formed. C) It has been pushed to high speed by the shock wave from a nearby supernova. D) It is a high mass star.
Studies of remanent magnetism in rocks spreading from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge reveal symmetric bands of magnetic anomalies. These anomalies provide
a. support for the idea of continental drift. b. evidence of Earth's magnetic pole reversals. c. both (A) and (B). d. neither (A) nor (B).