According to Spelman’s estimate based on the most rigorous macro-level studies available, the incapacitation effect:
a. can be large if we decide to have large increases in the size of our prisons
b. is not large even if many offenders are placed in prison
c. is not much different from zero and has little effect on crime rates
d. is strong even with fewer offenders incarcerated
a. can be large if we decide to have large increases in the size of our prisons
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The ______ role calls for impersonal relationships, a controlling demeanor, and complete enforcement of prison rules.
a. treatment b. custody c. corruption d. discretion
Private policing:
a. is a much smaller enterprise than public policing b. never engages in cooperative ventures with public police c. is often oriented toward avoiding criminal prosecution of matters it investigates d. tends to be focused on the wrongdoing of higher-level corporate officials
Marty smokes unfiltered cigarettes, and Rita smokes filtered cigarettes. Rita is getting a higher concentration of what ingredient?
A. tobacco B. tar C. nicotine D. carbon dioxide
____________________ established the first large scale, uniformed, paid, civil police force in London
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word