Early leadership studies that focused on the attributes or personal characteristics of leaders were called
a. power studies.
b. trait studies.
c. contingency studies.
d. behavior studies.
b
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The Federalists preferred __________ than did the Anti-Federalists
a. stronger state governments b. a stronger national government c. stronger protections of individual liberties d. shorter terms of office
Which of the following is NOT true about Brazil's subnational governments?
a. Although subnational governments were initially successful in deflecting additional spending responsibilities for health, education, and infrastructure programs, recent reforms have forced them to adopt a greater share of the financial burden in such areas. b. An indication of the power of state governments in the Brazilian system can be seen in the fact that many key pieces of reform legislation have been watered down. c. The bicameral legislatures of states are often dominated by the supporters of the governor. d. Political decentralization allowed some subnational governments to create innovative policies. e. Even the most underdeveloped subnational governments in Brazil can promote industrial investment, employment, and social services.
One cause of realignment is
a. the generation gap. b. racism. c. homophobia. d. campaign finance abuses. e. the growing number of independents.
Which of the following is characterized by a utility function that reaches a maximum at some point and slopes away from this maximum on either side, such that a movement away from the maximum never raises the actor’s utility?
A. complete preference ordering B. utility function C. transitive preference ordering D. single-peaked preference ordering