In terms of cultural goals and means to attain them, describe each of the five modes of adaptation that Merton outlined in strain theory
What will be an ideal response?
Merton identified five different modes of adaptation that individuals use in responding to society's approved cultural goals and society's approved means to achieve them.
(1 ) The conformist is considered as the only non-deviant because he or she accepts society's goals and society's means to achieve them. The other four modes of adaptation are considered as being deviant.
(2 ) The ritualist accepts the means to achieve goals and in many respects is a model citizen but rejects the approved cultural goals. The goals may be out of reach or simply not the prime focus of the individual's efforts.
(3 ) The retreatist rejects both the culturally approved goals and the culturally approved means to achieve them.
(4 ) The rebel rejects either the approved goals or the means to achieve them (or both) but substitutes a goal or means in their place.
(5 )The innovator accepts culturally approved goals but rejects the approved means to achieve them.
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