Suppose a friend asks you for advice about entering psychotherapy for his or her anxiety disorder. Which of the following recommendations should you make?
A) Avoid psychotherapy because 5–10% of patients get worse with this form of treatment.
B) Behavioral or cognitive-behavioral therapies are most effective for this category of disorders.
C) Humanistic therapies are most effective for this category of disorders.
D) Psychodynamic therapies are most effective for this category of disorders.
Answer: B
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Television sets are able to recreate the entire visible spectrum by additively mixing three primary colors. This process is similar to the view of human color vision called
a. opponent-process theory. b. saturation theory. c. complementary color theory. d. trichromatic theory.
Which of the following academic degrees is NOT associated with being a psychologist?
a. M.D. b. Ph.D. c. Psy.D. d. Ed.D.
DeCasper and colleagues (1984, 1986, 1991) found that newborns preferred the voices of their own mothers to that of their fathers or unfamiliar women. Their explanation was that
a. newborns simply had less exposure to the voices of their fathers and unfamiliar women. b. this might be a basis for attachment to the mother. c. while female infants preferred their mother's voices, male infants preferred their father's voices. d. this preference disappeared by the time the infants were two months old.
Tom wants to decrease his behavior of swearing. He arranges a contingency in which he will pay five dollars to his parents every day that he swears. What type of contingency has Tom arranged?
a. positive reinforcement b. negative reinforcement c. positive punishment d. negative punishment