In an "atom smasher," two particles collide head on at relativistic speeds. If the velocity of the first particle is 0.741c to the left,
and the velocity of the second particle is 0.350c to the right (both of these speeds are measured in Earth's rest frame), how fast are the particles moving with respect to each other?
A) 0.866c
B) 1.091c
C) 0.883c
D) 0.788c
A
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A mild-steel cylindrical billet, 25-cm in diameter, is to be raised to a minimum temperature of 760°C by passing it through a 6-m-long strip type furnace. If the furnace gases are at 1538°C and the overall heat transfer coefficient on the outside of the billet is 68 W/(m2 K), determine the maximum speed at which a continuous billet entering at 204°C can travel through the furnace.
GIVEN
• A mild-steel cylindrical billet is passed through a furnace
• Diameter of billet = 25 cm = 0.25 m
• Billet is to be raised to a minimum temperature of 760°C
• Length of furnace = 6 m
• Temperature of furnace gases (T?) = 1538°C
• The overall heat transfer coefficient h c= 68 W/(m2 K)
• Initial temperature of billet (To) = 204°C
FIND
• The maximum speed at which a continuous billet can travel through the furnace
ASSUMPTIONS
• The heat transfer coefficient is constant
• Billet is 1% carbon steel
• Radial conduction only in the billet, neglect axial conduction
SKETCH
Carbon-14 Dating: The radioactivity due to carbon-14 measured in a piece of a wooden casket from an ancient burial site is found to produce 20 counts per minute from a given sample, whereas the same amount of carbon from a piece of living wood produces 160 counts per minute. The half-life of carbon-14, a beta-minus emitter, is 5730 years. What would we calculate for the age of the artifact, assuming that the activity for living wood has remained constant over time?
A. 5700 years B. 11,500 years C. 14,800 years D. 17,200 years E. 23,000 years
Which of the following is a key factor in explaining why many jovian moons have been more geologically active than the Moon or Mercury?
A) Jovian moons contain much more ice that can melt or deform at lower temperatures than can the rock and metal that make up the Moon and Mercury. B) The jovian moons are considerably larger than the Moon and Mercury and therefore have retained much more internal heat. C) The jovian moons probably have far more internal heat generated by radioactive decay than do the Moon or Mercury. D) Because of their greater distances from the Sun, the jovian moons receive much less heat from the Sun.
Why do we believe there is dark matter?
What will be an ideal response?