Social control theory, as espoused by Travis Hirschi, has certain elements of the bond. Which of the following is NOT an element of the bond?
a. Commitment
b. Involvement
c. Belief
d. Containment
Answer: d
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Comparative leniency extended to white-collar criminals, in contrast to street criminals, can be explained by all of the following except:
A. difference in resources. B. victims' lives are not affected. C. victims are either the government or large groups of individuals. D. education and occupational prestige.
When students have input and are provided ______, overall engagement with the school is typically increased.
A. accountability B. autonomy C. authority D. alternatives
The quality of being fair under the law is referred to as:
a. casebook method b. legality c. justice d. criminology
Under federal law, it is a crime for one or more persons using power given to him or her by a government agency to deprive or conspire to deprive another person of any right protected by the Constitution or laws of the United States. According to this
federal law, he or she is acting according to: a. The penal code b. The Department of Justice c. The color of law d. The police misconduct provision