Identify and explain the five primary legal sources of public health authority
The five sources of public health authority are:
• Constitutions. The U.S. Constitution is the source of all legal authority for the federal government. The U.S. Constitution and state constitutions are the source of all legal authority for states.
• Statutes. Congress passes laws giving power to agencies of the executive branch. Federal statutes establish federal public health agencies, programs, services, and appropriate funds for federal and state public health work. State legislatures pass state statutes that establish analogous state functions.
• Regulations. Legislatures give agencies power to make regulations that have the same force as statutes. Regulations are usually the process for establishing standards and procedures to implement statutes, which typically are written with broader language. The authority to develop regulations (often called "rule-making") allows agencies to quickly respond to new challenges or address technical issues and allows the legislature to defer to that department's expertise on that particular subject matter. Procedures for "rule-making" require opportunity for the public to participate.
• Common law or case law. This law is based on court decisions that create and reflect custom that provides judicial interpretation of statutes, regulations, etc. Court decisions establish "precedent" that is treated as authoritative. (This feature is unique to those governmental systems derived from the British legal system.)
• Executive orders. This is a policy directive, typically by the top executive, that implements or interprets a federal or state statute. When legislatively authorized, an executive order has the force of law.
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Storing rope in a bag can make it easy to transport and protects it from:
A. direct heat. B. contamination. C. gasoline fumes. D. moisture in the air.
The primary assessment of a 27-year-old female patient who has been raped reveals no life threats to the airway, breathing, or circulation. The patient complains of pain in the vaginal area, but a focused assessment of her genitalia indicates no remarkable findings. When caring for this patient, which of these statements would be most therapeutic?
A) "Please be assured that you are safe from harm here in the ambulance." B) "I know that this is difficult, but you will need to be tested for HIV and other STDs." C) "I need to look one more time at your genital area to see if there is anything looks different." D) "It may set you at ease to hear that in most cases, the attacker is apprehended by authorities."
Sterile technique is also known as:
A) surgical asepsis. B) medical asepsis. C) both A and B. D) none of the above.