For biological clocks related to seasons, the critical input is day length or ____
Fill in the blank with the appropriate word.
photoperiod
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What specific type of P-type ATPase pumps H+ to acidify the stomach and is inhibited by proton pump inhibitor drugs used to treat excess stomach acid?
A) type 1 B) type 2 C) type 3 D) type 4 E) type 5
Which of the following best describes how chromosomes move toward the poles of the spindle during mitosis?
A) The chromosomes are "reeled in" by the contraction of spindle microtubules. B) Motor proteins of the kinetochores move the chromosomes along the spindle microtubules. C) Nonkinetochore spindle fibers serve to push chromosomes in the direction of the poles. D) The chromosomes are "reeled in" by the contraction of spindle microtubules, and motor proteins of the kinetochores move the chromosomes along the spindle microtubules. E) The chromosomes are "reeled in" by the contraction of spindle microtubules, motor proteins of the kinetochores move the chromosomes along the spindle microtubules, and nonkinetochore spindle fibers serve to push chromosomes in the direction of the poles
In a hybrid zone where reinforcement is occurring, which of the following would be expected to decline?
a. Genetic divergence between species b. Speciation c. Gene flow between species d. Mutation rate e. Prezygotic isolation
Nitrifiers are chemolithoautotrophs that use either ________ or ________ as electron donors in a process called nitrification.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).