A client is diagnosed with bone cancer, and is placed on methotrexate (Mexate). What is the correct classification for this medication?
1. An alkaloid
2. An antimetabolite
3. An alkylating agent
4. An antitumor antibody
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale 1: An alkaloid is a naturally occurring product that prevents cell division.
Rationale 2: Methotrexate (Mexate) is an antimetabolite, which is a drug chemically similar to essential building blocks of the cell. When cancer cells attempt to construct proteins or DNA, they use the antimetabolite instead of the normal building block, thereby disrupting metabolic pathways, killing cancer cells or slowing their growth.
Rationale 3: An alkylating agent chemically binds to nucleic acids and inhibits cell division.
Rationale 4: An antitumor antibody is similar in action to the alkylating agent, but it is an antibiotic obtained from bacteria that has the ability to kill cancer cells.
Global Rationale: Methotrexate (Mexate) is an antimetabolite, which is a drug chemically similar to essential building blocks of the cell. When cancer cells attempt to construct proteins or DNA, they use the antimetabolite instead of the normal building block, thereby disrupting metabolic pathways killing cancer cells or slowing their growth. An alkaloid is a naturally occurring product that prevents cell division. An alkylating agent chemically binds to nucleic acids and inhibits cell division. An antitumor antibody is similar in action to the alkylating agent, but it is an antibiotic obtained from bacteria that has the ability to kill cancer cells.
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