Fiedler's (1967) contingency theory of leadership is based upon three primary factors. Which of the following is not one of these factors?
a. leader-member relations c. task structure
b. follower-joiner relations d. position power
B
Fiedler's (1967) contingency theory of leadership views leadership effectiveness as dependent upon the interaction of the leader's personality and the needs of the situation. These are based upon leader-member relations (not follower-joiner relations), task structure, and position power.
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A nursing student e-mailed an instructor to ask a question about a patient's diagnosis and ended the e-mail by making a lighthearted comment about the patient
The instructor, however, interpreted the comment as disrespectful, which was not the student's intention and did not reflect that student's actual view of the patient. Why are misunderstandings and miscommunications more common when using electronic forms of communication? A) It is not usually possible to provide adequate context and detail when communicating electronically. B) Electronic communication is only effective between members of the same generation or age group. C) Because electronic communication is a relatively recent development, most people have not had sufficient time to adapt to its appropriate use. D) Electronic forms of communication usually lack the vocal and nonverbal clues that convey meaning.
Which of the following would be most appropriate to assess first for the newly admitted Chinese patient?
a. Pain b. Language barrier c. Family support d. Religious preference
When positioning an immobile patient, the nurse should:
1. be sure that the patient's knees and hips are flexed. 2. picture how people look while standing and try to have the patient achieve that position while he or she is lying down. 3. reposition no more than every 4 hours. 4. always position the patient on his or her back with the head raised to prevent as-piration.
Mr. Bains is a 70-year-old man who has been recently diagnosed with colon cancer. Mr. Bains is adamant that he does not want to undergo chemotherapy or radiotherapy, citing the unpleasant side effects and the absence of a guaranteed cure
His wife, however, is distraught that he would "give up so quickly" and begs the nurse to convince him to pursue treatment. Which of the following ethical principles would underlie the nurse's decision to respect Mr. Bains' informed choice? A) Beneficence B) Nonmaleficence C) Fidelity D) Autonomy