Which of the following ions are cotransported across the wall of the proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, and the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?
A. sodium and bicarbonate
B. potassium and phosphate
C. bicarbonate and potassium
D. potassium and chloride
E. sodium and chloride
Answer: E
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A cat presents to a clinic with difficulty breathing, lethargy, and cyanosis. The veterinarian auscultated the thoracic cavity and politely asked to have a radiograph taken of the thorax. Dx: pleural effusion. A thoracocentesis was performed and 300 cc of fluid was aspirated. Rx: Bronchodilator BID. Cyanosis is:
A) liver disease in which the liver becomes small and brown B) whitening of the mucous membranes due to anemia C) yellowing of the mucous membranes due to liver disease D) blue discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to insufficient oxygen E) reddening of the mucous membranes due to excessive carbon dioxide levels
Ion currents can be found in all vertebrates (eukaryotes) but not in prokaryotes
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
The lamina propria and mucous epithelium are components of the
A) serosa. B) adventitia. C) muscularis mucosa. D) mucosa. E) submucosa.
The superior colliculi receive input from the
A. nose, tongue, and inner ear. B. eyes, skin, cerebrum, and inferior colliculi. C. inferior colliculi, pyramids, skin, and red nucleus. D. skin, ears, pyramids, and cerebellum. E. cerebrum, cerebellum, thalamus, and inferior colliculi.