What typically happens to initiate the development of cancer?
Normal cells become initiated cells via a mutation in their DNA. An altered gene that is capable of transforming normal cells into cancer cells is called an oncogene. Although oncogenes can be genetically inherited from a parent, their formation is thought to be primarily caused by carcinogens. The body has many defense mechanisms to make sure that these types of genetically altered cells do not continue to divide and grow. For example, antioxidant vitamins and minerals can help prevent and repair some forms of DNA damage. The immune system is also involved in ridding the body of defective cells. In this way, antioxidants and the immune system can halt cancer growth at the initiation stage, preventing mutated cells from passing on their defective genes.
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What is the purpose of the Healthy Eating Plate?
A. to assist people with designing and following a healthful eating pattern B. to assist people with diabetes to manage blood sugar C. to help people lose weight D. to help people prevent chronic disease
Which of the following is an effect of the Green Revolution?
A) conservation of topsoil B) decreased vulnerability to climate events C) increased release of greenhouse gases D) increase in food diversity
Patient X visits her doctor because although she feels that she is always eating, she seems to be losing weight. She complains of oligomenorrhea, sweating, and always "feeling cold." Upon physical examination, the physician notes that she has sinus tachycardia and atrial fibrillation. Her blood lab results indicate the following: increased T3 and T4, decreased TSH, and presence of TSI. Which type
of thyroid condition does this patient most likely have? a. Graves' disease b. Hypersecreting thyroid tumor c. Hypothyroidism secondary to iodine deficiency d. Primary hypothyroidism (thyroid gland failure)
People with a BMI of >40 are increased risk for all of the following cancer types EXCEPT:
a. rectal. b. liver. c. kidney. d. mouth.