Which ICMP message is used by the traceroute utility to determine the path to a destination?
A) TTL Exceeded
B) Source Quench
C) Destination Unreachable
D) Echo Reply
A
Explanation: A) The traceroute utility utilizes the Time-to-Live field in the IP header to determine the path to a destination. It does this by setting the packet's TTL field to incremental values; that is, the first packets go out with a TTL of 1, they are allowed to go one hop away, and that device (if it is not the destination) will return a TTL exceeded message. The second packets go out with a TTL of 2, and so on. The Cisco version of this command is a little different from standard OS variants because it uses UDP instead of ICMP (echo) to send out the initial packets.
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