Why did China institute a population control policy? How is it enforced? Why is it controversial?
What will be an ideal response?
In the 1970s, China's population swelled due to improved health and food production and distribution. At that time, the average Chinese woman gave birth to 5.8 children. The burgeoning population and its industrial and agricultural development were eroding the nation's soils, depleting its water, leveling its forests, and polluting its air. The government instituted a population control program couched in the language of "patriotic duty" that precluded large numbers of Chinese couples from having more than one-child. A system of rewards, punishments, and social stigmas was used to enforce the one-child limit. The "success" of the program was facilitated by China's communist government. It is unlikely that a similar policy instituted in a democratic society would have been met with as much acceptance and compliance. The policy is controversial to Westerners because it puts limits on personal freedom.
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