Which of the following statements about liquid-liquid equilibrium is true?
A. When a binary mixture is immiscible, it means that the composition of one of the liquid phases is almost all the first component, while the composition of the other liquid phase is almost all of the second component.
B. When the activity coefficient of one of the components is above 10, a miscibility gap will exist.
C. When the A parameter for the 1-parameter Margules equation is greater than 1, it means a miscibility gap will be predicted for that system.
D. At low temperature, the Wilson equation will predict a miscibility gap for alkane + alcohol systems.
E. None of the above are true.
A. Correct. This is the simpler definition of immiscible that is given in general chemistry courses: the two substances are essentially insoluble in each other.
B. Incorrect. While this is a rule of thumb, it is not a general rule that is universally applicable. The stability criterion is the definitive way to determine whether a miscibility gap exists.
C. Incorrect. The existence of a miscibility gap can be determined from the A value, however the threshold number is 2.
D. Incorrect. The Wilson equation (as presented in the text) will never predict a miscibility gap; this is a shortcoming that some modifications will correct.
E. Incorrect. One statement is accurate; try again.
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