Which scientist first suggested that planets move because of some connection between them and the Sun?
a. Copernicus
b. Brahe
c. Newton
d. Kepler
e. Galileo
d
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Suppose an object is hanging from the end of a spring. Let the spring’s length when the object is hanging at rest be L. Now suppose we pull the object downward until the spring has been stretched a length of 2L. By what factor has the force that the spring is exerting on the object increased?
A. The spring force is the same in both cases.
B. 
times stronger
C. 2 times stronger
D. 4 times stronger
E. The answer depends on the spring’s relaxed length.
In order to understand star clusters, we need to be able to estimate their ages. What technique do scientists use for this?
A) radioisotope dating B) counting the planets that have formed around the largest stars C) finding the main-sequence turnoff point of the stars D) calculating orbital parameters using Kepler's Laws E) measuring its parallax
An object moving at a constant speed requires 6.0 s to go once around a circle with a diameter of 4.0 m. What is the magnitude of the instantaneous acceleration of the particle during this time?
a. 2.2 m/s2 b. 2.7 m/s2 c. 3.3 m/s2 d. 3.8 m/s2 e. 4.4 m/s2
Because the Hubble constant has a value of 70 km/s/Mpc, a galaxy with a recession velocity of 21,000 km/s must be _______________ Mpc from Earth. (Express your answer as a whole number of Mpc)
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word