A client is working two jobs, caring for aged parents, and maintaining a household for the family. The nurse realizes that this emotional stress will have what impact on the client's sleep?
1. More REM sleep.
2. Less Stage 1 and Stage II NREM sleep.
3. More NREM sleep.
4. Less deep sleep and more awakenings during the night.
Correct Answer: 4
Rationale 1: Chemical changes result in less REM sleep.
Rationale 2: Chemical changes result in less NREM sleep in Stages III and IV.
Rationale 3: Chemical changes affect deep and REM sleep.
Rationale 4: Stress is considered by most sleep experts to be the number one cause of short-term sleeping difficulties. A person preoccupied with personal problems might be unable to relax sufficiently to get to sleep. Anxiety increases the norepinephrine blood levels through stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. This chemical change results in less deep and REM sleep and more stage changes and awakenings.
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A client recently had surgery to remove 8 inches of the transverse colon. What teaching related to protein digestion will the nurse need to do for this client?
1. The client will need to have teaching related to complementary protein to make sure all amino acids are consumed daily. 2. Soft sources of complete protein, such as eggs, will be preferable to meet protein needs. 3. There will be minimal teaching regarding protein needs since proteins are digested mostly in the small intestine. 4. The client should avoid eating meat and dairy products together because this may cause indigestion.
Grounding nursing research in theories from other disciplines is argued to be undesirable by some scholars. What should the nurse identify as reasons why grounding theory is not desired?
1. It detracts from developing nursing as a separate discipline. 2. It makes nursing less relevant. 3. It helps bring a broader perspective and insight to nursing. 4. Other disciplines are not unique to the human condition. 5. Other disciplines get the benefit of nursing's research.
A nurse has taught the client with a herniated lumbar disk about proper body mechanics and other information about low back care. The nurse determines that the client needs further instruction if the client makes which statement?
A. "I should bend at the knees to pick things up." B. "I need to increase the fiber and fluids in my diet." C. "I can strengthen my back muscles by swimming or walking." D. "I should get out of bed by sitting up straight and swinging my legs over the side of the bed."
What is the significance of hgb and hct being depressed while MCV is elevated? What nutritional deficiencies do these lab values indicate?