Which of the cardinal symptoms of GI disorders would be expected in a patient with a defect of the esophagus?
A) Pain, altered ingestion, bleeding
B) Altered motility, altered ingestion, bleeding
C) Pain, altered ingestion, vomiting
D) Vomiting, altered swallowing, bleeding
A) Pain, altered ingestion, bleeding
Explanation: A) Patients with disorders that alter the GI system present with any combination of the four cardinal signs and symptoms: pain (the concept of pain and comfort), altered ingestion (the concept of digestion and nutrition), altered motility (the concept of elimination), and bleeding (the concept of perfusion). Disorders of the esophagus commonly cause three of the four cardinal symptoms of GI disorders: pain, alteration in ingestion, and bleeding.
B) Patients with disorders that alter the GI system present with any combination of the four cardinal signs and symptoms: pain (the concept of pain and comfort), altered ingestion (the concept of digestion and nutrition), altered motility (the concept of elimination), and bleeding (the concept of perfusion). Disorders of the esophagus commonly cause three of the four cardinal symptoms of GI disorders: pain, alteration in ingestion, and bleeding.
C) Patients with disorders that alter the GI system present with any combination of the four cardinal signs and symptoms: pain (the concept of pain and comfort), altered ingestion (the concept of digestion and nutrition), altered motility (the concept of elimination), and bleeding (the concept of perfusion). Disorders of the esophagus commonly cause three of the four cardinal symptoms of GI disorders: pain, alteration in ingestion, and bleeding.
D) Patients with disorders that alter the GI system present with any combination of the four cardinal signs and symptoms: pain (the concept of pain and comfort), altered ingestion (the concept of digestion and nutrition), altered motility (the concept of elimination), and bleeding (the concept of perfusion). Disorders of the esophagus commonly cause three of the four cardinal symptoms of GI disorders: pain, alteration in ingestion, and bleeding.
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