A patient with cerebral infarction is experiencing an acceleration of symptoms. The nurse realizes that the death of the cerebral tissue is to due to which of the following?
1. increased concentration of potassium in the brain cells
2. reduced concentration of sodium, chloride, and calcium in the brain cells
3. increased concentration of sodium, chloride, and calcium in the brain cells
4. reduced ability of the macrophages to reach the site of injury
3
Rationale: Increased intracellular concentrations of sodium, chloride, and calcium are due to the lack of oxygen reaching the cerebral tissues. Without oxygen, these electrolytes accumulate leading to toxicity within the mitochondria. This leads to further cerebral tissue death. Accelerated cerebral tissue death is not due to an increased concentration of potassium in the brain cells or a reduced concentration of sodium, chloride, and calcium in the brain cells. This tissue death is also not due to a reduced ability of the macrophages to reach the site of injury.
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