The Kansas City, Missouri, police department's study of patrol effectiveness convinced criminologists that:
a. The mere presence of patrol officers on the street did not have a deterrent effect.
b. Doubling the amount of patrol officers on the street had a deterrent effect.
c. The mere presence of patrol officers on the street had a deterrent effect, but only in high-crime neighborhoods.
d. Decreasing the amount of patrol officers on the street increased crime.
a
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Identify the pattern of justice that emphasizes treating women offenders as though they were men, in the name of equal justice.
A. vengeful equity B. revenge justice C. equal justice D. proper equity
Subgroups of same-aged youths in Latino gangs that remain together and have separate names and a unique identity in the gang are known as ______
a. barrios b. cohorts c. klikas d. near-groups
Before an __________ is undertaken, three crucial questions must be answered: Will the findings be used? Is the project evaluable? Who can do this work?
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Which of the following are young individuals or groups that embrace racial hatred and white supremacy?
a. SHARPS b. Skinheads c. Black Boots d. YNM