Alcohol abuse during pregnancy can result in which of the following? A. Physical deformities
B. Holoprosencephaly
C. Cognitive, motor, and behavioral problems
D. Both A and C
E. All of the above
ANS: D
Rationale: Alcohol abuse during pregnancy can result in fetal alcohol syndrome and alcohol-related birth defects. Fetal alcohol syndrome consists of central nervous system impairments, growth deficiencies before and/or after birth, and facial abnormalities. Alcohol-related birth defects include a milder series of characteristic facial abnormalities, as well as cognitive, motor, and behavioral problems. Holoprosencephaly is a genetic forebrain malformation characterized by the formation of a single cerebral hemisphere and severe facial deformities.
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