List three prenatal tests that might be offered to a pregnant woman, describe each test, and comment on the benefits and drawbacks of each test
What will be an ideal response?
The student should note that ultrasound, amniocentesis, and chorionic villus sampling are all discussed in the textbook. Professors may choose to award credit for other answers (e.g., nuchal fold translucency screening) based on their own presentation of materials.
a) Ultrasound – provides a picture of the unborn child by passing sound waves into the womb using a small instrument, is noninvasive, can determine the sex and position of the child, and can identify gross physical defects or multiple birth pregnancies. The picture produced is grainy and takes expertise to interpret.
b) Amniocentesis – involves using a needle to draw out amniotic fluid for genetic analysis. Allows for the genotype of the child to be determined, but takes two weeks for results. Also increases the chance of miscarriage.
c) Chorionic villus sampling – involves removing part of the placenta for analysis, and can be done much earlier than amniocentesis. Allows for certain genetic screening, but takes 7 to 10 days for results to be returned. Also increases the chance of miscarriage.
You might also like to view...
The type of self-presentational strategy that describes acts motivated to establish one's competence is
a. self-promotion. b. self-verification. c. ingratiation. d. self-handicapping.
Which statement best answers the question, "Do environmental factors cause schizophrenia?"
a. "Concordance rates are less than 50 percent in identical twins, and therefore, environmental factors must play a causal role." b. "Environmental factors such as poor family communication are usually caused by schizophrenia, not the other way around." c. "There is little evidence that environmental factors contribute to the disorder." d. "If environmental influences play a causal role, it is probably in adulthood, close to the time when symptoms first appear."
Which of the following accurately describes the attitudes of the Catholic Church toward mentally ill people during the turbulent political and religious events of the 14th and 15th centuries? a. They were considered to be suffering from religious delusions and were cared for by members of the church communities. b. They were seen as possessed by evil spirits and blamed for all misfortunes
c. They were regarded as basically good individuals who were not responsible for their abnormal behavior. d. They were provided with medical treatments and sometimes hospitalized because mental illness was regarded as equivalent to physical illness.
Concerning sexual arousal, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?
a. Men have a greater potential for physical sexual arousal than women do. b. Women tend to place more emphasis on emotional closeness with a lover than men do. c. In any given year men have a significantly greater number of opposite-sex partners and show higher levels of sexual activity than do women. d. All of these statements are true.