Which of the following data collection approaches is most likely to use a topic guide?
A) A completely unstructured interview
B) A focus group interview
C) A critical incidents interview
D) Participant observation
B
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In-depth interviews are the most widely used method of collecting data for qualitative studies. Self-reports in qualitative studies include completely unstructured interviews, which are conversational discussions on the topic of interest; semi-structured (or focused) interviews, using a broad topic guide; focus group interviews, which involve discussions with small groups, typically with a topic guide; and the critical incidents technique, which involves probes about the circumstances surrounding an incident that is critical to an outcome of interest. One type of unstructured observation is participant observation, in which the researcher gains entrée into a social group and participates to varying degrees in its functioning while making in-depth observations of activities and events.
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