The emergency department nurse is assessing a client in shock. The nurse understands that shock can be caused by which conditions? Select all that apply.
A) Psychological distress
B) Obstruction of blood flow
C) Failure of the heart to pump
D) Inflammatory vascular disease
E) Low blood volume
B) Obstruction of blood flow
C) Failure of the heart to pump
D) Inflammatory vascular disease
E) Low blood volume
Explanation: A) Types of shock are named according to the underlying cause. Psychological distress is not a cause of shock.
B) Types of shock are named according to the underlying cause. Shock caused by obstruction of blood flow is obstructive shock. Failure of the heart to pump is cardiogenic shock.
C) Types of shock are named according to the underlying cause. Failure of the heart to pump is cardiogenic shock.
D) Types of shock are named according to the underlying cause. Shock due to inflammatory vascular response to infection is septic shock or anaphylactic shock.
E) Types of shock are named according to the underlying cause. Low blood volume is hypovolemic shock.
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