Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)

1. The needs of women have been significantly neglected by the criminal justice system throughout history.
2. Since the Barefield case, the courts have ruled that polices were not biased against women.
3. The 1992 reauthorization of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act mandated that states assess the needs of girls and develop gender-specific options to address the needs of female offenders.
4. The pathways of women to crime are similar to the pathways to men.
5. The cycle of offending for women begins with the experience of victimization.


1. True
2. True
3. True
4. True
5. True

Criminal Justice

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The crime of aggravated battery does not include which of the following:

a. the use of a dangerous or deadly weapon b. the intent to kill, rape, or seriously harm c. serious injury d. the victim must be placed in fear

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Thomas Hobbes wrote what famous book in 1651?

a. Leviathan b. On Crimes and Punishments c. The Origin of the Species d. Essay Concerning Human Understanding

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The strategic dimension of policing is based on the philosophy that community policing is about police-citizen partnerships at the ______ level.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

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In which of the following cases did the Supreme Court determine that a finding of guilt for juveniles had to meet the standard of "beyond a reasonable doubt"?

A) In re Winship B) Schall v. Martin C) Kent v. United States D) In re Sanford

Criminal Justice