At metaphase I, the two homologous chromosomes of each bivalent are connected to spindle fibers from the _________.
a) random centromeres of other chromosomes
b) the centromere of its neighboring chromosome
c) same spindle pole
d) the centromere of its homologue
e) opposite spindle poles
Ans: e) opposite spindle poles
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Site-specific recombinases can be used:
A. to generate synthesis of multiple copies of plasmids. B. to convert dimeric chromosomes to monomeric forms. C. in the lysogenic pathway to circularize phage DNA. D. to evade host immune systems by the process of phase variation. E. All of the choices given are true.
Which modification of the terminator region of a gene would specifically prevent rho-independent termination?
A. Change in the adenine-rich sequence of nucleotides of the terminator region. B. Change in the sequence that encodes the mRNA leader. C. Change in the rut binding site. D. Change in the adenine-thymine sequence of the Pribnow box.
What is the main form of nitrogenous waste released by mammals to their environment?
a. amino acids b. urea c. ammonia d. nitrate
The fluid nature of the membranes is attributed to a lateral movement of
A. phospholipid molecules. B. pumps such as the proton pump. C. antigen molecules. D. the entire lipid bilayer. E. protein channels.