How do historians explain the Ming dynasty's 1433 decision to abandon the treasure ship voyages to the Indian Ocean basin that could have placed China at the core of the developing world economy?
a. State resources were required to thwart nomadic incursions from beyond the Great Wall
b. A dominant neo-Confucian world view de-emphasized the value of non-Chinese ideas and products
c. State backed exploration of distant lands was an unusual experiment in Chinese history
d. Internal economic development was flourishing, making long-distance trade unnecessary
e. All of the above
Answer: e. All of the above
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