Which client is most likely to experience pain during labor?
a. Gravida 1 whose fetus is in a breech presentation
b. Gravida 3 who is using Lamaze breathing techniques
c. Gravida 2 who is anxious because her last labor was difficult
d. Gravida 2 who has not attended childbirth preparation classes
ANS: C
Anxiety affects a woman's perception of pain. Tension during labor causes tightening of abdominal muscles, impeding contractions and increasing pain by stimulation of nerve endings. A breech presentation does not mean that the woman will experience a painful labor. Lamaze breathing techniques use the mind to prevent pain; they involve concentration and conditioning to help the woman respond to contractions with relaxation to decrease pain. Childbirth preparation classes can help a woman prepare for the pain but will not prevent the woman from experiencing pain during labor.
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