There are three types of sequencing described in the text: Sanger (dideoxy) sequencing, whole-genome
shotgun sequencing, and Illumin/Solexa sequencing. Which one(s) would be best to use for sequencing
a single gene versus an entire genome and why?
What will be an ideal response?
Single genes can be sequenced using the Sanger method since this technique, although automated, can
also be pared down to focus on a single gene or DNA fragment. All three methods can be used for
whole-genome sequencing. The Illumin/Solexa is used to sequence whole genomes in an automated
way, and would never be used to sequence a single gene or fragment. Whole-genome shotgun
sequencing is not really a sequencing technique, per se, but is rather an approach to combining the data
from sequencing genomic fragments after using either the Sanger method or the Illumina/Solexa
method to acquire the sequence data.
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Who was the first to discover the process of natural transformation?
A. Morgan B. Sturtevant C. Griffith D. Avery
The antibiotic rifamycin is selectively toxic in blocking protein synthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis because
A. the antibiotic binds to the mRNA once synthesized, preventing it from participating in the initiation complex with the ribosome. B. it binds preferentially to bacterial RNA polymerase rather than the eukaryotic protein, effectively halting transcription in the pathogen but not the host. C. bacterial ribosomes are 70s whereas host ribosome are 80s, thus the antibiotic binds to the M. tuberculosis ribosome but does not bind to the eukaryotic machinery. D. the drug binds to the initiator tRNA, preventing the formation of the protein synthesis initiation complex in the bacterial cell.
Millions of years ago, the activity of which cellular organelle would have been dependent upon the presence of
cyanobacteria? a. Golgi b. nucleus c. ribosome d. mitochondrion e. endoplasmic reticulum
What is the age structure of a population?
A) the curve that results when the likelihood of dying is plotted as a function of age B) the curve that results when the likelihood of being alive is plotted as a function of age C) the number of individuals alive in different age-groups at one time point D) the difference in the age distribution of a population at two different points in time