What is DHCP? How does DHCP support dynamic address allocation?
What will be an ideal response?
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) was proposed to reduce the
problem of the limited IPv4 address space, by dynamically allocating IP addresses
to hosts that need access to the Internet once in a while. Thus, a permanent IP
address does not need to be allocated. In DHCP, a host first sends a DHCP
discover packet on its network, specifying its hardware address. A DHCP server
then sends a DHCP offer packet to the host, specifying the offered IP address. The
host may receive multiple offer packets. It then confirms its selection by
broadcasting the selected IP address through a DHCP broadcast packet. The
selected server sends a DHCP ACK packet, and the other servers then withdraw
their offer. A lease time is associated with the IP address allocated and the host
needs to renew the lease before its expiration time.
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