Good grades are reinforcing to some children but not to others. Someone explaining this fact from an early operant conditioning perspective would say that good grades are most likely to be reinforcers to children who:

Question

a. Have never received a grade above C
b. Come from middle-income or upper-income backgrounds
c. Have previously associated those grades with primary reinforcers
d. Have been told that good grades are important for getting a college scholarship

Answer 1

c