In Williamson v. Lee Optical (1955), the Supreme Court heard a substantive due process challenge to an Oklahoma law that said that opticians could only grind lenses and fit eyeglasses when presented with a prescription from an ophthalmologist or an optometrist. The law was challenged as unreasonable, unwise, and wasteful. The Supreme Court ______.
A. upheld the law, saying that questions about the wisdom or need for a particular law should be answered by the legislature and not the courts. Thus, challenges to such laws should be made through the electoral process and not through lawsuits
B. struck down the law, explaining that although the relevance of substantive due process had declined, it still barred states from enacting regulatory laws without sufficient evidence demonstrating the need for such regulation
C. struck down the law, saying that the state had failed to show that it had a compelling state interest in passing such legislation
D. upheld the law, concluding that the state had satisfied its obligations under the compelling state interest test
A. upheld the law, saying that questions about the wisdom or need for a particular law should be answered by the legislature and not the courts. Thus, challenges to such laws should be made through the electoral process and not through lawsuits
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As the first scientific criminologist, AdolpheQuetelet’swork is most noteworthy because ______.
a. his work disproved the long-held notion that crime was related to the lunar cycles. b. he was the first criminologist to identify the weaknesses related to relying on official crime statistics. c. he was the first criminologist to draw a connection between capitalism and crime. d. his observation that crime was linked to other variables called into question the notion of free will.
Which of the following is an alternative that makes restitution available to indigent offenders?
A. shock probation B. community service restitution C. community supervision D. monetary restitution
In practice, the grand jury system is criticized for merely providing a rubber stamp for whatever the defense counsel wants to do.
Answer the following statement true (T) or false (F)
What physical evidence is necessary and useful when investigating a potential case of battered child syndrome?
What will be an ideal response?