A client who smokes one pack of cigarettes daily has a positive pregnancy test. The nurse will explain that smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of which condition?
a. Congenital anomalies
b. Death before or after birth
c. Neonatal hypoglycemia
d. Neonatal withdrawal syndrome
ANS: B
Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk for spontaneous abortion, low birth weight, abruptio placentae, placenta previa, preterm birth, perinatal mortality, and SIDS. Smoking does not appear to cause congenital anomalies, hypoglycemia, or withdrawal syndrome.
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A patient's severe family tragedy 1 year ago resulted in depression and insomnia. Which of the following hypnotics may be safely taken for longer-term treatment of insomnia?
A) Lorazepam (Ativan) B) Eszopiclone (Lunesta) C) Chloral hydrate D) Oxazepam (Serax)
The respiratory pattern with rhythmic increase and decrease of rate and depth of respiration, then brief periods of apnea, is known as
a. central neurogenic hyperventilation. c. ataxic respirations. b. apneustic breathing. d. Cheyne-Stokes respirations.
A researcher administers a test of hopelessness to 50 teen mothers in a continuation high school, in order to norm it for a study planned for the subsequent semester. This norming process is part of the approved research protocol
Retesting in two weeks reveals different values for many of the subjects' paired tests. What should the researcher do now, and why? (Select all that apply.) a. Administer the test a third time and see whether there is a trend. The subjects may be becoming more/less hopeless because of an external factor or a Hawthorne effect. b. Calculate statistical tests to determine whether there are about the same amounts of positive change and negative change for the pooled sample, and whether the means are very similar for the two measurements. If so, this represents normal fluctuation of mood. c. After obtaining IRB approval for study revision, ask several of the 50 subjects with large changes about their recent experiences and discover whether there is an underlying reason for the change. d. Use the second value, not the first, for all data analysis. The subjects have evidently re-examined their feelings and discovered new insights. e. Consider the multitrait-multimethod technique for this complex concept. A single measurement doesn't seem to be capturing the concept very well.
The nurse places a newborn with jaundice under the phototherapy lights in the nursery to achieve which goal?
A) Prevent cold stress B) Increase surfactant levels in the lungs C) Promote respiratory stability D) Decrease the serum bilirubin level