Herniated disks are most often caused by which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
a. trauma d. repeated minor inju-ries to spine
b. degenerative changes e. osteoporosis
c. neuromuscular conditions, i.e.,: MS f. aging
A, B, D, E, F
This can occur either suddenly from trauma, lifting, or twisting or gradually from aging, osteoporosis, or degenerative changes. Most herniated disks are caused by trauma, such as falls, accidents, or repeated lifting. Degenerative changes related to arthritis, aging, or repeated minor injuries predispose the client to herniated intervertebral disks.
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The nurse is bottle feeding a 2-month-old infant. While burping her, the infant vomits formula through her mouth and nose, and begins to choke. The nurse's priority action is to:
1. Suction out the infant's nose. 2. Suction out the infant's mouth. 3. Turn the infant head-down and provide three firm back blows. 4. Call the cardiac resuscitation team.
An elderly patient tells the nurse that she does not drink many fluids because she is on a "water pill" and does not want to "harm what the water pill is supposed to do."
Which of the following is the nurse's best response to this patient? 1. "Taking a water pill does not mean you should not drink fluids. You can become dehydrated.". 2. "Limiting fluids will ensure that you won't be overhydrated.". 3. "Just make sure you drink the things that you like, such as coffee and juice.". 4. "It's not necessary for you to drink water throughout the day.".
The nurse who is caring for a client with alcoholism anticipates that the physician will order injections of which of the following due to the frequent occurrence of deficient states associated with this disease?
1. Thiamin 2. Riboflavin 3. Folic acid 4. Vitamin B12
If a toxic or caustic material comes in contact with the skin or eyes, the immediate response is to:
A. lie down and elevate the affected area B. call 911 and place an ice bag on the affected area until medical personnel arrive C. wash the area thoroughly with an antibacterial soap and warm water D. flush the affected area with large volumes of cold water