What is Cressey's Cosa Nostra Theory?
What will be an ideal response?
Cressey (1967) has described organized crime as having a bureaucratic structure not unlike that adopted by governmental bureaucracies, such as police departments and federal law enforcement agencies. According to Cressey, the primary unit of La Cosa Nostra is the family, which embodies male members of Italian ancestry. The family must abide by a code of conduct that prohibits members from revealing organizational secrets and that authorizes violent punishment for those who violate the code. Cressey has suggested the existence of a hierarchy within the Mafia that facilitates the flow of power and expectations of members. Included in the hierarchy are the boss, the consigliere, the underboss, the caporegime, and the soldiers.
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According to Holmes (1998), which of the following agree that there is moral right and wrong but contend what is right for one, may be wrong for another?
a. ethical relativism b. cultural relativism c. extreme or individual relativism d. ethical absolutism
The square of Pearson's r ( ) is known as the:
a. percentage reduction in variance (PRV). b. proportionate reduction in error (PRE). c. the coefficient of determination. d. both b and c
The Supreme Court held that states cannot:
a. make illegal entry into the country a state offense b. ban undocumented immigrants from working in the state c. allow warrantless arrests of those suspected of deportable offenses d. all of these
Crime-control theology conflicts most directly with which of the following?
a. community-focused programs c. evidence-based practices b. the prevention-punishment dichotomy d. substantive criminal law