The nurse suspects that an older client with symptoms that the family think are signs of dementia and old age has Parkinson disease. What three cardinal signs did the nurse assess in this client?
1. Constipation, urinary retention, and memory loss
2. Memory loss, brittle nails, and decreased pulses
3. Rapid pulse, wheezing, and tremors
4. Tremors, rigidity, and slow voluntary movements and speech
Answer: 4
1. Constipation, urinary retention, and memory loss can be signs of aging or disease, but are not the cardinal signs of Parkinson.
2. Memory loss, brittle nails, and decreased pulses are not the cardinal signs of Parkinson.
3. Rapid pulse and wheezing are signs of asthma.
4. Tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia are the three cardinal signs of Parkinson and are often attributed to the aging process.
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