A client reports a family member has recently been diagnosed with breast cancer. The client voices questions about the influence of hormones on her risk for breast cancer. What information can be provided to the client?
1. The use of hormone replacement therapy in menopausal clients is linked to an increased risk for the development of breast cancer.
2. Early onset of menarche is associated with reduced breast cancer rates.
3. The reported association between oral contraceptive use and breast cancer is a myth.
4. Nulligravid women have a reduced risk for the development of breast cancer.
The use of hormone replacement therapy in menopausal clients is linked to an increased risk for the development of breast cancer.
Rationale: The use of estrogen-containing hormones as found in oral contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy is linked to an increase in the risk of development of breast cancer. Girls having menarche before the age of 12 have an increased risk for the development of breast cancer. Women who have not experienced a full-term pregnancy have an increased risk for the development of breast cancer.
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A student nurse is caring for a patient at a rehabilitation facility. The student nurse educates the patient about the rehabilitation facility. A nurse intervenes when the student states:
1. "You will receive intense therapy services while you're here." 2. "You must participate in at least 6 hours of therapy each day." 3. "You will be seen by a physician who specializes in rehabilitation." 4. "If you get sick while you're here, we can transfer you to the hospital."
The pediatric nurse is caring for a child with biliary atresia. The nurse knows that the signs and symptoms of this disease include:
Select all answers that apply. A) pruritus. B) jaundice. C) dark urine. D) dark stools.
Which of these assessments of a patient who is 1 day post surgery to repair a hip fracture requires immediate nursing intervention?
a. Patient ate 30% of clear liquid breakfast. b. Oral temperature is 99.2° Fahrenheit. c. Patient states, "Boy, I did not realize I would be so tired after this surgery." d. Patient reports severe pain 30 minutes after receiving pain medication.
Which of the following statements best describes the phenomenon of "failure to thrive," sometimes diagnosed in the elderly?
A) Failure to thrive is a lack of financial, emotional, and physical stamina experienced in the older adult years. B) Failure to thrive is a syndrome that includes the elderly person's inability to maintain erection during sexual intercourse. C) Failure to thrive is commonly diagnosed in elderly individuals who have recently moved from institutional settings into the homes of their children or other caretakers. D) Failure to thrive is a syndrome that results from disease or stress and includes symptoms of unexplained weight loss and deterioration in functional abilities.