Which statement regarding acid-base homeostasis is true?
A. In the renal tubules, when hydrogen ions are excreted, bicarbonate ions are reab-sorbed.
B. The central chemoreceptors are very sensitive to changes in arterial oxygen con-centration.
C. At the level of the alveolar capillary membrane, oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged evenly.
D. The first line of defense against major changes in blood pH is the renal control of hydrogen ion reabsorption and excretion.
A
Renal handling of bicarbonate and hydrogen ions functions to maintain acid-base balance. Thus, the kidney moves these substances in opposite directions based on existing conditions. When acidosis is present, the kidney excretes hydrogen ions and reabsorbs bicarbonate ions to return the pH to normal. When alkalosis is present, the kidney excretes bicarbonate ions and reabsorbs hydrogen ions to return the pH to normal.
You might also like to view...
A patient with angina is beginning nitroglycerin. Before administering the drug, the nurse informs the patient that, immediately after administration, the patient may experience what?
A) Nervousness or paresthesia B) Throbbing headache or dizziness C) Drowsiness or blurred vision D) Tinnitus or diplopia
Your patient complains of mild discomfort, photophobia, and blurred vision in her right eye, which you suspect are caused by corneal ulceration caused by the herpes simplex virus. Your suspicion is based on your findings of
a. a grayish, well-circumscribed ulcerated area on the cornea. b. a treelike configuration on the corneal surface. c. a 2 mm-wide hazy gray ring just inside the limbus. d. multiple tiny fluid-filled sacs on the cornea.
In the oncology nursing portion of their medical–surgical class, the nursing students are learning about Kaposi's sarcoma
Because of the student's knowledge of pathophysiology, the student nurse would be correct in identifying this type of skin malignancy as affecting which portion(s) of the body? A) Chest and back only B) Invaded breast tissue C) Infiltrated lymph nodes only D) Multiple body organs
You have admitted a patient diagnosed with malignant melanoma to your unit. The patient is scheduled for a wide excision of the tumor on her back
In writing the plan of care for this patient what major nursing diagnosis would you include? A) Deficient knowledge about early signs of melanoma B) Chronic pain related to surgical excision and grafting C) Depression related to reconstructive surgery D) Anxiety related to lack of social support