A 42-year-old is diagnosed with constrictive pericarditis. The nurse assesses the blood pressure for decreased cardiac output because of:
a. pericardial effusions.
b. fibrosis and calcification of the pericardial layers.
c. cardiomyopathy.
d. hemorrhage in the pericardial cavity.
ANS: B
In constrictive pericarditis, fibrous scarring compresses the heart and eventually reduces cardiac output. Pericardial effusion is manifested by chest pain. Cardiomyopathy is a general term for pathophysiological changes in the heart. Hemorrhage in the pericardial cavity will lead to tam-ponade.
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