A patient desiring to begin a very-low-calorie diet (VLCD) for rapid weight reduction is concerned about the safety of the diet. What information should the nurse provide to the patient?
1. VLCDs are not recommended for people over age 50.
2. VLCDs result in significant losses of muscle mass in response to the protein restriction.
3. VLCDs are safe for patients who have a lower body mass index and need to lose a small amount of weight rapidly.
4. VLCDs are safest for middle-aged and senior patients.
Correct Answer: 1
Very-low-calorie diets (VLCDs) are indicated for patients having elevated body mass indexes greater than 30 kg/m2. VLCD may not be appropriate for use in people over age 50 due to normal loss of lean body mass and adverse effects such as fatigue, constipation, nausea, diarrhea, and gallstone formation. These diets are protein-sparing modified fasts (450 kcal/day) conducted under close medical supervision and result in rapid weight loss while maintaining lean body mass.
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