How do proxy servers differ from packet filters?

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Because proxy servers scan the entire data portion of IP packets, they create much more detailed log file listings than packet filters.
If a packet matches one of the packet filter's rules, the filter simply acts as directed by the rule for that packet, allowing it to pass or blocking it from entering the destination network. A proxy server also rebuilds the packet with new source IP information, which shields internal users from those on the outside.
Because a proxy server rebuilds all packets that pass between the Internet and the internal host, attacks that can start with mangled packet data never reach the internal host.
Proxy servers are far more critical to network communications than packet filters. If a packet filter fails, all packets might be allowed into the internal network. If a proxy server gateway or firewall were to crash, all network communications would cease. Of course, if a failover or backup firewall is in place, it keeps network communications up and running while the primary device is being serviced.