What were the essential elements of Enlightenment thought, and what prominent thinker was associated with it?
What will be an ideal response?
ANSWER: Students should be able to explain that Enlightenment ideas centered on reason and a search for natural laws. Especially important is their identification of the Enlightenment's rejection of "divine right" government. Good students will also relate that the Enlightenment embodied the notion that humans are capable of self- improvement and that with it they have faith in the progressive improvement of society. John Locke is the philosopher most associated with Enlightenment thought. Students need to explain that Locke posited that people make a social contract among themselves to follow the laws of a state in return for protection of their natural rights, such as life, liberty, and property. They need to explain that the government in return must protect and respect those rights, and if it does not, then the people have a right to rebel..
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President Bush's call for U.S. military involvement in the Persian Gulf came when
a. Saddam Hussein's forces engaged in a bitter war with Iran. b. Iraq invaded Kuwait and gained control of its oil production. c. the Soviet Union sent its forces into southern Iraq. d. the United Nations decided to support Saddam Hussein's claim in Kuwait.
A member of the Russian intelligentsia who edited a popular journal, Kolokol, in his London exile was
A) Georges Haussmann. B) Alexander Herzen. C) Michael Bakunin. D) Louis Kossuth. E) Sergei Nechaev.
The growth of reading and publishing in the eighteenth century was aided and characterized by the development of
A) private tutors. B) magazines for the general public. C) compulsory education for the general public. D) state investments in free books. E) libraries.
Cities of the Indus valley were characterized by
A. no permanent houses or structures. B. an organized grid of streets. C. the absence of any sewage system. D. a disorganized jumble of streets.