A patient with chronic renal failure has an occluded arteriovenous fistula, and routine hemodialysis is delayed. However, the patient's serum potassium level is 6.0 mEq/L. What should the nurse expect to be prescribed for this patient?
Select all that apply.
1. insulin
2. dextrose 10%
3. furosemide (Lasix)
4. sodium bicarbonate
5. sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate)
Correct Answer: 1, 2, 4
Insulin, hypertonic dextrose (10% to 50%), and possibly sodium bicarbonate are used in the emergency treatment of moderate to severe hyperkalemia (serum potassium > 6.0 to 6.5 mEq/L). Insulin promotes the movement of potassium into the cell, and glucose prevents hypoglycemia. Sodium bicarbonate elevates the serum pH; potassium is moved into the cell in exchange for hydrogen ion. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (Kayexalate) is used to treat moderate or severe hyperkalemia. Furosemide (Lasix) is a potassium-wasting diuretic used to enhance renal excretion of potassium. The patient is in chronic renal failure and most likely does not have a urine output.
You might also like to view...
4.5 divided by 3 equals:
a. 0.75. b. 1.5. c. 5. d. 0.66.
A 3-year-old child is experiencing localized wheezing upon auscultation. Which statement by the mother would be most important for the nurse to report to the health care provider?
A) The child was eating peanuts earlier in the day. B) The child eats hard candy as an afternoon treat. C) The child has two cousins who have many allergies. D) The child likes to play by himself for 15 minutes every afternoon.
A psychiatric nurse is caring for a client in an inpatient unit. Following the client's plan of care, the nurse performs the interventions ordered for the client. Which activity may be performed by all psychiatric/mental health nurse generalists?
A) Counseling B) Psychotherapy C) Consultation D) Prescriptive authority and treatment
A 68-year-old male patient receives a prescription for 25-mg tablets of sildenafil (Viagra) for erectile dysfunction. When he asks the nurse how to take the medication, the nurse will tell him to:
a. begin taking one tablet twice daily, 12 hours apart. b. start with one tablet about 1 hour before anticipated sexual activity. c. take 25 to 100 mg per dose 30 minutes to 4 hours before sexual activity. d. take two tablets 1 hour before sexual activity with a high-fat meal.