Which of the following is TRUE of asexual reproduction?
a. It allows an individual’s genes to adjust to the environment.
b. It produces greater genetic diversity.
c. It is a good strategy if an organism lives in a constant, unchanging environment.
d. It slows the accumulation of potentially harmful mutations.
e. It allows only half of an individual’s genes to be passed on.
ANSWER: c
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The human body's arterial blood pH is tightly maintained around 7.4 by buffering agents that bind hydrogen ions to stop any change in pH. If an acid-base imbalance overcomes the buffer system, the body changes the ventilation rate, or the rate at which gas enters or leaves the lungs. Changing the ventilation rate changes the concentration of CO2 in the blood, which alters the pH of the blood. In this case, the muscles that control the ventilation rate are acting as the:
A. homeostatic challenge. B. sensor. C. effector. D. integrator. E. set point.
Compared to white muscle fibers, red muscle fibers ____
a. have fewer mitochondria b. have less myoglobin c. make more ATP by lactate fermentation d. fatigue less easily e. get most of their ATP from creatine phosphate
Which of the following is caused by a vitamin C deficiency?
A. rickets B. beriberi C. scurvy D. pellagra E. blindness
Which of the following is true of viroids?
a. Viroids are typically extremely long and contain numerous genes. b. There are similarities between the base sequences of viroids and exons, resulting in the hypothesis that viroids evolved from exons. c. Viroid is the term for a virus that infects plants. d. Viroids are short pieces of naked RNA.