Your body is likely to have existing antibodies that will counter antigens you have yet to contact. How is this accomplished?

What will be an ideal response?


Differential splicing of numerous gene elements (V, J, C, K, and D segments) underlies the tremendous antibody diversity of animals. With distinct molecules ranging to 108, chances are good that at least one of these molecules will recognize a novel antigen.

Biology & Microbiology

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The Fox2P gene is thought to be related to language in humans. At prophase I, how many copies of the Fox2P gene are present in a cell? Keep in mind that humans are diploid

A. two copies, one on each homologous chromosome B. four copies, one on each sister chromatid in a pair of homologous chromosomes C. eight copies, one on each sister chromatid in a pair of homologous chromosomes D. eight copies, one on each strand of each chromatid per homologous pair

Biology & Microbiology

Which adaptation is least likely to be found in any dinosaurs?

a. bright coloration b. bipedal posture c. feathered wings d. gills for breathing underwater e. posture with heads upright and tails off the ground

Biology & Microbiology

If you wished to increase enzyme activity, you would do all of the following except

A) increase the temperature moderately. B) increase the concentration of the enzyme. C) increase the amount of substrate. D) change to optimum pH for the reaction. E) decrease the temperature.

Biology & Microbiology

Which microscope is used to see detail of a 300-nm virus?

A) fluorescence microscope B) phase-contrast microscope C) darkfield microscope D) DIC microscope E) electron microscope

Biology & Microbiology