If a bacterial cell is placed in a _______ solution, it loses water by a process referred to as _________
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
hypertonic; plasmosis
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Superantigens cause
A. stimulation of T cells to overproduce cytokines. B. specific activation of phagocytic cells and stimulation of T cells to overproduce cytokines. C. specific activation of phagocytic cells. D. None of the choices are correct.
Blood calcium level is regulated in part by _________ a hormone secreted by the thyroid gland when the blood calcium level rises.
A) serotonin. B) parathyroid. C) calcitonin. D) estrogen.
You compare homologous nucleotide sequences among several pairs of species with known divergence times. A pair of species that diverged 1 million years ago has two nucleotide differences, a pair that diverged 2 million years ago has four nucleotide
differences, and a pair that diverged 3 million years ago has six nucleotide differences. You have sequence data for another pair of species for which the divergence time is unknown. There are five nucleotide differences between them. Based on your clock, when did their line of ancestry diverge? A) 3.5 million years ago B) 3 million years ago C) 2.5 million years ago D) 2 million years ago
Which of these statements is TRUE about plasmids?
a. plasmids often contain genes that give bacteria resistance to antibiotics b. plasmids can be passed from one bacteriuim to another by way of pili in a process called conjugation c. plasmids are usually circular pieces of DNA d. all of the above